Abstract

The increasing fuel costs and environmental issues associated with greenhouse gas emissions from gasolinepowered equipment have necessitated the investigation of sustainable alternatives. This study presents the design and development of a solar-powered lawnmower that uses abundant solar energy as a renewable power source. The design process involved the careful selection of components based on criteria such as energy efficiency, durability, and compatibility. Key components include an electric DC motor, a charge controller, a revolving stainless-steel blade directly coupled to the motor shaft, a 12V/14Ah rechargeable battery, an 18V/50W solar panel, and a microprocessor for operational control. The microprocessor is responsible for managing power distribution, monitoring battery status, and ensuring optimal performance. The system is activated through an onboard switch, which initiates current flow to the motor to drive the blade, while the battery is recharged via a solar charging controller. Performance evaluations were carried out under controlled conditions, using standardised grass types and ensuring consistent sunlight exposure. The results demonstrated an operational efficiency of 85% and a runtime of 3.36 hours when the battery was fully charged at 12V. Although the system presents a cost-effective and environmentally friendly alternative to gasolinepowered lawnmowers, it is subject to certain limitations, including reliance on sunlight availability and restricted cutting capacity for larger lawns. Future research should prioritise the enhancement of battery efficiency, the improvement of system adaptability to diverse environmental conditions, and the integration of advanced features such as automated controls and real-time monitoring.